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Simple random sample. In statistics, a simple random sample (or SRS) is a subset of individuals (a sample) chosen from a larger set (a population) in which a subset of individuals are chosen randomly, all with the same probability. It is a process of selecting a sample in a random way. In SRS, each subset of k individuals has the same ...
Random selection, when narrowly associated with a simple random sample, is a method of selecting items (often called units) from a population where the probability of choosing a specific item is the proportion of those items in the population. For example, with a bowl containing just 10 red marbles and 90 blue marbles, a random selection ...
Random number generation is a process by which, often by means of a random number generator ( RNG ), a sequence of numbers or symbols that cannot be reasonably predicted better than by random chance is generated. This means that the particular outcome sequence will contain some patterns detectable in hindsight but impossible to foresee.
Reservoir sampling. Reservoir sampling is a family of randomized algorithms for choosing a simple random sample, without replacement, of k items from a population of unknown size n in a single pass over the items. The size of the population n is not known to the algorithm and is typically too large for all n items to fit into main memory.
Random element. In probability theory, random element is a generalization of the concept of random variable to more complicated spaces than the simple real line. The concept was introduced by Maurice Fréchet ( 1948) who commented that the “development of probability theory and expansion of area of its applications have led to necessity to ...
List of lucky symbols. A keychain containing a four-leaf clover. A good luck charm is an amulet or other item that is believed to bring good luck. Almost any object can be used as a charm. Coins and buttons are examples, as are small objects given as gifts, due to the favorable associations they make. Many souvenir shops have a range of tiny ...
Many free-to-play massively multiplayer online games (MMOs) and mobile games also use gacha mechanics, with randomly generated items of varying market values being acquired via microtransactions. In addition, paid console games have included gacha-style progression based on random items but with no in-app purchases, such as Work Time Fun.
A random permutation is a random ordering of a set of objects, that is, a permutation -valued random variable. The use of random permutations is often fundamental to fields that use randomized algorithms such as coding theory, cryptography, and simulation. A good example of a random permutation is the shuffling of a deck of cards: this is ...