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Cutting stock problem. In operations research, the cutting-stock problem is the problem of cutting standard-sized pieces of stock material, such as paper rolls or sheet metal, into pieces of specified sizes while minimizing material wasted. It is an optimization problem in mathematics that arises from applications in industry.
Economic order quantity. Economic order quantity ( EOQ ), also known as financial purchase quantity or economic buying quantity, [citation needed] is the order quantity that minimizes the total holding costs and ordering costs in inventory management. It is one of the oldest classical production scheduling models.
Material requirements planning. Material requirements planning ( MRP) is a production planning, scheduling, and inventory control system used to manage manufacturing processes. Most MRP systems are software -based, but it is possible to conduct MRP by hand as well. An MRP system is intended to simultaneously meet three objectives:
At a basic level, it is typically calculated in metres using the formula: Charted Depth − Draft-/+ Height of Tide = UKC. Ship masters and deck officers can obtain the depth of water from Electronic navigational charts. More dynamic or advanced calculations include safety margins for manoeuvring effects and squat.
Conversion of units is the conversion of the unit of measurement in which a quantity is expressed, typically through a multiplicative conversion factor that changes the unit without changing the quantity. This is also often loosely taken to include replacement of a quantity with a corresponding quantity that describes the same physical property ...
The economic production quantity model (also known as the EPQ model) determines the quantity a company or retailer should order to minimize the total inventory costs by balancing the inventory holding cost and average fixed ordering cost. The EPQ model was developed and published by E. W. Taft, a statistical engineer working at Winchester ...
A spreadsheet is a computer application for computation, organization, analysis and storage of data in tabular form. [1] [2] [3] Spreadsheets were developed as computerized analogs of paper accounting worksheets. [4] The program operates on data entered in cells of a table. Each cell may contain either numeric or text data, or the results of ...
A Törnqvist or Törnqvist-Theil price index is the weighted geometric mean of the price relatives using arithmetic averages of the value shares in the two periods as weights. [1] The data used are prices and quantities in two time-periods, (t-1) and (t), for each of n goods which are indexed by i . If we denote the price of item i at time t-1 ...