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  2. Card counting - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Card_counting

    Basics. [edit] Card counting is based on statistical evidence that high cards (aces, 10s, and 9s) benefit the player, while low cards, (2s, 3s, 4s, 5s, 6s, and 7s) benefit the dealer. High cards benefit the player in the following ways: They increase the player's probability of hitting a Blackjack, which often pays out at 3 to 2 odds (although ...

  3. Josephus problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josephus_problem

    Josephus problem. In computer science and mathematics, the Josephus problem (or Josephus permutation) is a theoretical problem related to a certain counting-out game. Such games are used to pick out a person from a group, e.g. eeny, meeny, miny, moe. A drawing for the Josephus problem sequence for 500 people and skipping value of 6.

  4. Wason selection task - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wason_selection_task

    The Wason selection task (or four-card problem) is a logic puzzle devised by Peter Cathcart Wason in 1966. [1][2][3] It is one of the most famous tasks in the study of deductive reasoning. [4] An example of the puzzle is: You are shown a set of four cards placed on a table, each of which has a number on one side and a color on the other.

  5. Poker probability - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poker_probability

    In most variants of lowball, the ace is counted as the lowest card and straights and flushes don't count against a low hand, so the lowest hand is the five-high hand A-2-3-4-5, also called a wheel. The probability is calculated based on ( 52 5 ) = 2 , 598 , 960 {\textstyle {52 \choose 5}=2,598,960} , the total number of 5-card combinations.

  6. Blackjack - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blackjack

    A card counting system assigns a point score to each card rank (e.g., 1 point for 2–6, 0 points for 7–9, and −1 point for 10–A). When a card is exposed, a counter adds the score of that card to a running total, the 'count'. A card counter uses this count to make betting and playing decisions.

  7. Dyscalculia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyscalculia

    Dyscalculia (/ ˌdɪskælˈkjuːliə /) [1][2][3][4] is a learning disability resulting in difficulty learning or comprehending arithmetic, such as difficulty in understanding numbers, learning how to manipulate numbers, performing mathematical calculations, and learning facts in mathematics. It is sometimes colloquially referred to as "math ...

  8. Herman Hollerith - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herman_Hollerith

    Herman Hollerith (February 29, 1860 – November 17, 1929) was an American statistician, inventor, and businessman who developed an electromechanical tabulating machine for punched cards to assist in summarizing information and, later, in accounting. His invention of the punched card tabulating machine, patented in 1884, marks the beginning of ...

  9. Inclusion–exclusion principle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inclusion–exclusion...

    Inclusion–exclusion principle. In combinatorics, a branch of mathematics, the inclusion–exclusion principle is a counting technique which generalizes the familiar method of obtaining the number of elements in the union of two finite sets; symbolically expressed as. where A and B are two finite sets and | S | indicates the cardinality of a ...