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A surname, family name, or last name is the mostly hereditary portion of one's personal name that indicates one's family. [ 1][ 2] It is typically combined with a given name to form the full name of a person, although several given names and surnames are possible in the full name.
The term given name refers to a name usually bestowed at or close to the time of birth, usually by the parents of the newborn. A Christian name is the first name which is given at baptism, in Christian custom. In informal situations, given names are often used in a familiar and friendly manner. [ 1] In more formal situations, a person's surname ...
For ease of use, the [i] in front of the last name, and the ending _ve, were dropped. If the last name ends in [a], then removing the [j] would give the name of the patriarch or the place, as in, Grudaj - j = Gruda (place in MM). Otherwise, removing the whole ending [aj] yields the name of founder or place of origin, as in Lekaj - aj = Lek(ë).
A personal name, full name or prosoponym (from Ancient Greek prósōpon – person, and onoma –name) [ 1] is the set of names by which an individual person or animal is known, and that can be recited as a word-group, with the understanding that, taken together, they all relate to that one individual. [ 2] In many cultures, the term is ...
Several surnames have multiple spellings; this is sometimes due to unrelated families bearing the same surname. A single surname in either language may have multiple translations in the other. In some English translations of the names, the M(a)c- prefix may be omitted in the English, e.g. Bain vs MacBain, Cowan vs MacCowan, Ritchie vs MacRitchie.
Maiden and married names. When a person (traditionally the wife in many cultures) assumes the family name of their spouse, in some countries that name replaces the person's previous surname, which in the case of the wife is called the maiden name ("birth name" is also used as a gender-neutral or masculine substitute for maiden name), whereas a ...
A patronymic surname is a surname originated from the given name of the father or a patrilineal ancestor. Different cultures have different ways of producing patronymic surnames. In the Old Testament of the Bible, men are identified by their lineage through use of their father's first (and only) name. Last names were ‘normalized’ and became ...
Legal name. A legal name is the name that identifies a person for legal, administrative and other official purposes. A person's legal birth name generally is the name of the person that was given for the purpose of registration of the birth and which then appears on a birth certificate (see birth name ), but may change subsequently.
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