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  2. Calcium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium

    Calcium is a chemical element; it has symbol Ca and atomic number 20. As an alkaline earth metal, calcium is a reactive metal that forms a dark oxide-nitride layer when exposed to air. Its physical and chemical properties are most similar to its heavier homologues strontium and barium. It is the fifth most abundant element in Earth's crust, and ...

  3. Group (periodic table) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group_(periodic_table)

    In the periodic table of the elements, each column is a group. In chemistry, a group (also known as a family) [1] is a column of elements in the periodic table of the chemical elements. There are 18 numbered groups in the periodic table; the 14 f-block columns, between groups 2 and 3, are not numbered. The elements in a group have similar ...

  4. Periodic table - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periodic_table

    The periodic table is a graphic description of the periodic law, which states that the properties and atomic structures of the chemical elements are a periodic function of their atomic number. Elements are placed in the periodic table according to their electron configurations , [41] the periodic recurrences of which explain the trends in ...

  5. Main-group element - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main-group_element

    The periodic table of the chemical elements. The columns represent the groups. Groups 1, 2 and 13 to 18 constitute the main group. Sometimes groups 3 and 12, as well as the lanthanides and actinides (the two rows at the bottom), are also included in the main group.

  6. Alkaline earth metal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkaline_earth_metal

    Alkaline earth metal. The alkaline earth metals are six chemical elements in group 2 of the periodic table. They are beryllium (Be), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), strontium (Sr), barium (Ba), and radium (Ra). [1] The elements have very similar properties: they are all shiny, silvery-white, somewhat reactive metals at standard temperature and ...

  7. Chromium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromium

    Chromium, 24Cr. body-centered cubic (bcc) ( cI2) Chromium is a chemical element; it has symbol Cr and atomic number 24. It is the first element in group 6. It is a steely-grey, lustrous, hard, and brittle transition metal. [7] Chromium metal is valued for its high corrosion resistance and hardness.

  8. Halogen - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halogen

    The halogens (/ ˈ h æ l ə dʒ ə n, ˈ h eɪ-,-l oʊ-,-ˌ dʒ ɛ n /) are a group in the periodic table consisting of six chemically related elements: fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), iodine (I), and the radioactive elements astatine (At) and tennessine (Ts), though some authors would exclude tennessine as its chemistry is unknown and is theoretically expected to be more like that ...

  9. Carbon group - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_group

    Atomic number color: black=solid. The carbon group is a periodic table group consisting of carbon (C), silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), tin (Sn), lead (Pb), and flerovium (Fl). It lies within the p-block . In modern IUPAC notation, it is called group 14. In the field of semiconductor physics, it is still universally called group IV.

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