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AI for pregnancy is 30 μg/day. AI for lactation is 45 μg/day. AI for men is 35 μg/day for ages 14–50 and 30 μg/day for older. For infants to children ages 1–13 years, the AI increases with age from 0.2 to 25 μg/day. As for safety, the IOM sets Tolerable upper intake levels (ULs) for vitamins and minerals when evidence is sufficient. In ...
Tolerable upper intake levels (UL), to caution against excessive intake of nutrients (like vitamin A and selenium) that can be harmful in large amounts. This is the highest level of sustained daily nutrient consumption that is considered to be safe for, and cause no side effects in, 97.5% of healthy individuals in each life stage and sex group ...
The reference intake for vitamin D refers to total intake from food, beverages and supplements, and assumes that calcium requirements are being met. [ 60 ] : 5 The tolerable upper intake level (UL) [ 124 ] is defined as "the highest average daily intake of a nutrient that is likely to pose no risk of adverse health effects for nearly all ...
In 2000, the chapter on Vitamin C in the North American Dietary Reference Intake was updated to give the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) as 90 milligrams per day for adult men, 75 mg/day for adult women, and setting a Tolerable upper intake level (UL) for adults of 2,000 mg/day.
Based on risk assessment, a safe upper intake level of 250 μg (10,000 IU) per day in healthy adults has been suggested by non-government authors. [ 6 ] [ 7 ] Blood levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D necessary to cause adverse effects in adults are thought to be greater than about 150 ng/mL, leading the Endocrine Society to suggest an upper limit ...
The U.S. Food and Nutrition Board sets Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (known as ULs) for vitamins and minerals when evidence is sufficient. ULs are set a safe fraction below amounts shown to cause health problems. ULs are part of Dietary Reference Intakes. [81] The European Food Safety Authority also reviews the same safety questions and set its ...
Megavitamin-B6 syndrome, also known as hypervitaminosis B6, vitamin B6 toxicity, and vitamin B6 excess, [a] is a medical condition characterized by adverse effects resulting from excessive intake of vitamin B 6. [1] [2] [22] Primarily affecting the nervous system, this syndrome manifests through symptoms such as peripheral sensory neuropathy ...
This action is rate-limiting in humans leading to elevated blood concentrations of unmetabolized folic acid when consumption from dietary supplements and fortified foods nears or exceeds the U.S. Tolerable Upper Intake Level of 1,000 μg per day. [8] [80]