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  2. Clinical trials - World Health Organization (WHO)

    www.who.int/health-topics/clinical-trials

    Clinical trials are carefully designed, reviewed and completed, and need to be approved before they can start. People of all ages can take part in clinical trials, including children. There are 4 phases of biomedical clinical trials: Phase I studies usually test new drugs for the first time in a small group of people to evaluate a safe dosage ...

  3. Clinical trials - World Health Organization (WHO)

    www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/clinical-trials

    Clinical trials. For the purposes of registration, a clinical trial is any research study that prospectively assigns human participants or groups of humans to one or more health-related interventions to evaluate the effects on health outcomes. Clinical trials may also be referred to as interventional trials.

  4. Glossary - World Health Organization (WHO)

    www.who.int/clinical-trials-registry-platform/about/glossary

    Biomedical clinical trials of experimental drug, treatment, device or behavioral intervention may proceed through four phases: Clinical trials test a new biomedical intervention in a small group of people (e.g., 20-80) for the first time to evaluate safety (e.g., to determine a safe dosage range and to identify side effects).

  5. Vaccine efficacy, effectiveness and protection

    www.who.int/news-room/feature-stories/detail/vaccine-efficacy-effectiveness...

    Vaccine efficacy and effectiveness. All COVID-19 vaccines approved by WHO for emergency use listing have been through randomized clinical trials to test their quality, safety and efficacy. To be approved, vaccines are required to have a high efficacy rate of 50% or above. After approval, they continue to be monitored for ongoing safety and ...

  6. International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP)

    www.who.int/clinical-trials-registry-platform

    The mission of the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform is to ensure that a complete view of research is accessible to all those involved in health care decision making. This will improve research transparency and will ultimately strengthen the validity and value of the scientific evidence base. The registration of all ...

  7. Sepsis - World Health Organization (WHO)

    www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/sepsis

    Common signs of sepsis include fever, fast heart rate, rapid breathing, confusion and body pain. It can lead to septic shock, multiple organ failure and death. Sepsis is usually caused by bacterial infections but may be the result of other infections such as viruses, parasites or fungi. Its treatment requires medical care, including the use of ...

  8. Asthma - World Health Organization (WHO)

    www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/asthma

    Asthma is a chronic lung disease affecting people of all ages. It is caused by inflammation and muscle tightening around the airways, which makes it harder to breathe. Symptoms can include coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath and chest tightness. These symptoms can be mild or severe and can come and go over time.

  9. Cancer - World Health Organization (WHO)

    www.who.int/health-topics/cancer

    Cancer is a large group of diseases that can start in almost any organ or tissue of the body when abnormal cells grow uncontrollably, go beyond their usual boundaries to invade adjoining parts of the body and/or spread to other organs.

  10. The Universal Trial Number (UTN) - World Health Organization...

    www.who.int/clinical-trials-registry-platform/unambiguous-trial-identification/...

    The aim of the Universal Trial Number (UTN) is to facilitate the unambiguous identification of clinical trials. The UTN is not a registration number. The UTN is a number that should be obtained early in the history of the trial. The UTN should: become permanently attached to the trial. be used whenever information about the trial is communicated.

  11. Regulation and Prequalification - World Health Organization (WHO)

    www.who.int/teams/regulation-prequalification/regulation-and-safety/pharmaco...

    Pharmacovigilance is the science and activities relating to the detection, assessment, understanding and prevention of adverse effects or any other medicine/vaccine related problem. All medicines and vaccines undergo rigorous testing for safety and efficacy through clinical trials before they are authorized for use.