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alpha-2-Macroglobulin. α2-Macroglobulin ( α2M) or alpha-2-macroglobulin is a large (720 KDa) plasma protein found in the blood. It is mainly produced by the liver, and also locally synthesized by macrophages, fibroblasts, and adrenocortical cells. In humans it is encoded by the A2M gene.
Alpha-2 macroglobulin may be elevated in children and the elderly. This is seen as a sharp front to the alpha-2 band. AMG is markedly raised (10-fold increase or greater) in association with glomerular protein loss, as in nephrotic syndrome .
Alpha-fetoprotein ( AFP, α-fetoprotein; also sometimes called alpha-1-fetoprotein, alpha-fetoglobulin, or alpha fetal protein) is a protein [ 5][ 6] that in humans is encoded by the AFP gene. [ 7][ 8] The AFP gene is located on the q arm of chromosome 4 (4q13.3). [ 9] Maternal AFP serum level is used to screen for Down syndrome, neural tube ...
Elevated alpha-fetoprotein. Elevated alpha-fetoprotein refers to a state where alpha-fetoprotein levels are outside of the reference range. There are two categories of AFP tests: tests performed on serum (blood plasma), and tests performed on amniotic fluid. Tests performed on serum are further categorized by the reason for performing the test ...
Acute-phase protein. Inflammatory cells and red blood cells. Acute-phase proteins ( APPs) are a class of proteins whose concentrations in blood plasma either increase (positive acute-phase proteins) or decrease (negative acute-phase proteins) in response to inflammation. This response is called the acute-phase reaction (also called acute-phase ...
Alpha-1 antitrypsin or α1-antitrypsin ( A1AT, α1AT, A1A, or AAT) is a protein belonging to the serpin superfamily. It is encoded in humans by the SERPINA1 gene. A protease inhibitor, it is also known as alpha1–proteinase inhibitor ( A1PI) or alpha1-antiproteinase ( A1AP) because it inhibits various proteases (not just trypsin ). [5]
Alpha 2-antiplasmin. Alpha 2-antiplasmin (or α2-antiplasmin or plasmin inhibitor) is a serine protease inhibitor (serpin) responsible for inactivating plasmin. [ 5] Plasmin is an important enzyme that participates in fibrinolysis and degradation of various other proteins. This protein is encoded by the SERPINF2 gene. [ 6]
Alpha globulin. Schematic representation of a protein electrophoresis gel. Alpha globulins are a group of globular proteins in plasma [1] that are highly mobile in alkaline or electrically charged solutions. They inhibit certain blood proteases and show significant inhibitor activity. The alpha globulins typically have molecular weights of ...