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Endocrinology. Vitamin deficiency is the condition of a long-term lack of a vitamin. When caused by not enough vitamin intake it is classified as a primary deficiency, whereas when due to an underlying disorder such as malabsorption it is called a secondary deficiency. An underlying disorder can have 2 main causes:
Deaths. 406,000 from nutritional deficiencies (2015) [ 10] Malnutrition occurs when an organism gets too few or too many nutrients, resulting in health problems. [ 11][ 12] Specifically, it is a deficiency, excess, or imbalance of energy, protein and other nutrients which adversely affects the body's tissues and form.
Malabsorption is a state arising from abnormality in absorption of food nutrients across the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Impairment can be of single or multiple nutrients depending on the abnormality. This may lead to malnutrition and a variety of anaemias. [1]
Starvation, malnutrition, cachexia. Marasmusis a form of severe malnutritioncharacterized by energy deficiency. It can occur in anyone with severe malnutrition but usually occurs in children. Body weight is reduced to less than 62% of the normal (expected) body weight for the age.[1] Marasmus occurrence increases prior to age 1, whereas ...
Protein–energy undernutrition ( PEU ), once called protein-energy malnutrition ( PEM ), is a form of malnutrition that is defined as a range of conditions arising from coincident lack of dietary protein and/or energy ( calories) in varying proportions. The condition has mild, moderate, and severe degrees.
Thiamine deficiency. Thiamine deficiency is a medical condition of low levels of thiamine (vitamin B 1 ). [1] A severe and chronic form is known as beriberi. [1] [7] The name beriberi was possibly borrowed in the 18th century from the Sinhalese phrase බැරි බැරි (bæri bæri, “I cannot, I cannot”), owing to the weakness ...
Hypoalbuminemia (or hypoalbuminaemia) is a medical sign in which the level of albumin in the blood is low. [1] This can be due to decreased production in the liver, increased loss in the gastrointestinal tract or kidneys, increased use in the body, or abnormal distribution between body compartments. Patients often present with hypoalbuminemia ...
Vitamin D deficiency is typically diagnosed by measuring the concentration of the 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the blood, which is the most accurate measure of stores of vitamin D in the body. [ 1][ 7][ 2] One nanogram per millilitre ( 1 ng/mL) is equivalent to 2.5 nanomoles per litre ( 2.5 nmol/L ). Severe deficiency: < 12 ng/mL = < 30 nmol/L[ 2 ...