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The terms anno Domini ( AD) and before Christ ( BC) [ a] are used when designating years in the Julian and Gregorian calendars. The term anno Domini is Medieval Latin and means "in the year of the Lord" [ 1] but is often presented using "our Lord" instead of "the Lord", [ 2][ 3] taken from the full original phrase " anno Domini nostri Jesu ...
Common Era ( CE) and Before the Common Era ( BCE) are year notations for the Gregorian calendar (and its predecessor, the Julian calendar ), the world's most widely used calendar era. Common Era and Before the Common Era are alternatives to the original Anno Domini (AD) and Before Christ (BC) notations used for the same calendar era.
Anno Mundi (from Latin "in the year of the world"; Hebrew: לבריאת העולם, romanized : Livryat haOlam, lit. 'to the creation of the world'), abbreviated as AM or A.M., or Year After Creation, [ 1] is a calendar era based on the biblical accounts of the creation of the world and subsequent history. Two such calendar eras have seen ...
The Seleucid era was used in much of the Middle East from the 4th century BC to the 6th century AD, and continued until the 10th century AD among Oriental Christians. The era is computed from the epoch 312 BC: in August of that year Seleucus I Nicator captured Babylon and began his reign over the Asian portions of Alexander the Great 's empire.
Ab urbe condita ( Latin: [ab ˈʊrbɛ ˈkɔndɪtaː]; 'from the founding of the City '), or anno urbis conditae ( Latin: [ˈannoː ˈʊrbɪs ˈkɔndɪtae̯]; 'in the year since the city's founding'), abbreviated as AUC or AVC, expresses a date in years since 753 BC, the traditional founding of Rome. [ 1][ 2] It is an expression used in ...
The date used as the end of the ancient era is arbitrary. The transition period from Classical Antiquity to the Early Middle Ages is known as Late Antiquity.Late Antiquity is a periodization used by historians to describe the transitional centuries from Classical Antiquity to the Middle Ages, in both mainland Europe and the Mediterranean world: generally from the end of the Roman Empire's ...
In [ Astronomical Algorithms ], the 'B.C.' years are counted astronomically. Thus, the year before the year +1 is the year zero, and the year preceding the latter is the year −1. The year which historians call 585 B.C. is actually the year −584. The astronomical counting of the negative years is the only one suitable for arithmetical purpose.
The Byzantine calendar, also called the Roman calendar, [ note 1] the Creation Era of Constantinople or the Era of the World ( Ancient Greek: Ἔτη Γενέσεως Κόσμου κατὰ Ῥωμαίους, [ 1] also Ἔτος Κτίσεως Κόσμου or Ἔτος Κόσμου; lit. 'Roman year since the creation of the universe ...