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  2. Composite number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composite_number

    Composite numbers can be arranged into rectangles but prime numbers cannot. A composite number is a positive integer that can be formed by multiplying two smaller positive integers. Equivalently, it is a positive integer that has at least one divisor other than 1 and itself. [1] [2] Every positive integer is composite, prime, or the unit 1, so ...

  3. Highly composite number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Highly_composite_number

    A highly composite number is a positive integer that has more divisors than any smaller positive integer. A related concept is that of a largely composite number, a positive integer that has at least as many divisors as any smaller positive integer. The name can be somewhat misleading, as the first two highly composite numbers (1 and 2) are not ...

  4. Prime number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_number

    A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that is not a product of two smaller natural numbers. A natural number greater than 1 that is not prime is called a composite number. For example, 5 is prime because the only ways of writing it as a product, 1 × 5 or 5 × 1, involve 5 itself. However, 4 is composite because it is a ...

  5. Carmichael number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carmichael_number

    Carmichael number. In number theory, a Carmichael number is a composite number ⁠ ⁠ which in modular arithmetic satisfies the congruence relation : for all integers ⁠ ⁠. [1] The relation may also be expressed [2] in the form: for all integers that are relatively prime to ⁠ ⁠. They are infinite in number.

  6. List of types of numbers - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_types_of_numbers

    Ternary: The base-three numeral system with 0, 1, and 2 as digits. Quaternary: The base-four numeral system with 0, 1, 2, and 3 as digits. Hexadecimal: Base 16, widely used by computer system designers and programmers, as it provides a more human-friendly representation of binary-coded values.

  7. Superior highly composite number - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superior_highly_composite...

    In number theory, a superior highly composite number is a natural number which, in a particular rigorous sense, has many divisors. Particularly, it is defined by a ratio between the number of divisors an integer has and that integer raised to some positive power.

  8. Least common multiple - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Least_common_multiple

    In arithmetic and number theory, the least common multiple, lowest common multiple, or smallest common multiple of two integers a and b, usually denoted by lcm (a, b), is the smallest positive integer that is divisible by both a and b. [1] [2] Since division of integers by zero is undefined, this definition has meaning only if a and b are both ...

  9. Multiplicative group of integers modulo n - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiplicative_group_of...

    In modular arithmetic, the integers coprime (relatively prime) to n from the set of n non-negative integers form a group under multiplication modulo n, called the multiplicative group of integers modulo n. Equivalently, the elements of this group can be thought of as the congruence classes, also known as residues modulo n, that are coprime to n .

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