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Atheroma. Atherosclerotic plaque from a carotid endarterectomy specimen. This shows the division of the common into the internal and external carotid arteries. An atheroma, or atheromatous plaque, is an abnormal accumulation of material in the inner layer of an arterial wall. [ 1][ 2] The material consists of mostly macrophage cells, [ 3][ 4 ...
Atherosclerosis[ a] is a pattern of the disease arteriosclerosis, [ 8] characterized by development of abnormalities called lesions in walls of arteries. This is a chronic inflammatory disease involving many different cell types, and driven by elevated levels of cholesterol in the blood. [ 9] These lesions may lead to narrowing of the arterial ...
Aortic unfolding is an abnormality visible on a chest X-ray, that shows widening of the mediastinum which may mimic the appearance of a thoracic aortic aneurysm. [ 1 ] With aging, the ascending portion of the thoracic aorta increases in length by approximately 12% per decade, whereas the diameter increases by just 3% per decade.
The aorta (/ eɪ ˈ ɔːr t ə / ay-OR-tə; pl.: aortas or aortae) is the main and largest artery in the human body, originating from the left ventricle of the heart, branching upwards immediately after, and extending down to the abdomen, where it splits at the aortic bifurcation into two smaller arteries (the common iliac arteries).
Acute aortic syndrome ( AAS) describes a range of severe, painful, potentially life-threatening abnormalities of the aorta. [1] These include aortic dissection, intramural thrombus, and penetrating atherosclerotic aortic ulcer. [2] AAS can be caused by a lesion on the wall of the aorta that involves the tunica media, often in the descending ...
The aneurysm is the large bulge in the center of the image. An aneurysm is an outward bulging, likened to a bubble or balloon, caused by a localized, abnormal, weak spot on a blood vessel wall. [ 1] Aneurysms may be a result of a hereditary condition or an acquired disease.
Cardiology. Arteriolosclerosis is a form of cardiovascular disease involving hardening and loss of elasticity of arterioles or small arteries and is most often associated with hypertension and diabetes mellitus. [ 1] Types include hyaline arteriolosclerosis and hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis, [ 2] both involved with vessel wall thickening and ...
An aortic aneurysm is an enlargement (dilatation) of the aorta to greater than 1.5 times normal size. [ 1] Typically, there are no symptoms except when the aneurysm dissects or ruptures, which causes sudden, severe pain in the abdomen and lower back. [ 2][ 3] The etiology remains an area of active research.