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Amphetamine is a weak base with a pK a of 9.9; [3] consequently, when the pH is basic, more of the drug is in its lipid soluble free base form, and more is absorbed through the lipid-rich cell membranes of the gut epithelium. [3] [29] Conversely, an acidic pH means the drug is predominantly in a water-soluble cationic (salt) form, and less is ...
Methylphenidate, sold under the brand names Ritalin (/ ˈrɪtəlɪn / RIT-ə-lin) and Concerta (/ kənˈsɜːrtə / kən-SUR-tə) among others, is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant used medically to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and, to a lesser extent, narcolepsy.
Trazodone, sold under many brand names, [ 1 ] is an antidepressant medication, [ 20 ] used to treat major depressive disorder, anxiety disorders, and insomnia. [ 20 ] It is a phenylpiperazine compound of the serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitor (SARI) class. [ 21 ][ 22 ] The medication is taken orally.
Diazepam. Diazepam, sold under the brand name Valium among others, is a medicine of the benzodiazepine family that acts as an anxiolytic. [14] It is used to treat a range of conditions, including anxiety, seizures, alcohol withdrawal syndrome, muscle spasms, insomnia, and restless legs syndrome. [14]
Since the mid-1990s, MDMA has become the most widely used amphetamine-type drug by college students and teenagers. [185]: 1080 MDMA became one of the four most widely used illicit drugs in the US, along with cocaine, heroin, and cannabis. [157] According to some estimates as of 2004, only marijuana attracts more first time users in the US. [157]
The Beers Criteria for Potentially Inappropriate Medication Use in Older Adults, commonly called the Beers List, [1] are guidelines published by the American Geriatrics Society (AGS) for healthcare professionals to help improve the safety of prescribing medications for adults 65 years and older in all except palliative settings. [2][3] They ...
Adderall and Mydayis [10] are trade names [note 2] for a combination drug containing four salts of amphetamine.The mixture is composed of equal parts racemic amphetamine and dextroamphetamine, which produces a (3:1) ratio between dextroamphetamine and levoamphetamine, the two enantiomers of amphetamine. [12]
This is a complete list of clinically approved prescription antidepressants throughout the world, as well as clinically approved prescription drugs used to augment antidepressants or mood stabilizers, by pharmacological and/or structural classification. Chemical/generic names are listed first, with brand names in parentheses.