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The % does two things, depending on its arguments. In this case, it acts as the modulo operator, meaning when its arguments are numbers, it divides the first by the second and returns the remainder. 34 % 10 == 4 since 34 divided by 10 is three, with a remainder of four.
From the Python 3 docs: The power operator has the same semantics as the built-in pow () function, when called with two arguments: it yields its left argument raised to the power of its right argument. The numeric arguments are first converted to a common type, and the result is of that type. It is equivalent to 2 16 = 65536, or pow(2, 16) Just ...
In Python 3.5 though, PEP 484 -- Type Hints attaches a single meaning to this: -> is used to indicate the type that the function returns. It also seems like this will be enforced in future versions as described in What about existing uses of annotations :
180. += adds another value with the variable's value and assigns the new value to the variable. -=, *=, /= does similar for subtraction, multiplication and division. Note that, as the currently most upvoted answer details, x += y is not the same thing as x = x + y, especially if x is a list.
When slicing in Python the third parameter is the step. As others mentioned, see Extended Slices for a nice overview. With this knowledge, [::3] just means that you have not specified any start or end indices for your slice. Since you have specified a step, 3, this will take every third entry of something starting at the first index. For example:
26. If you are referring to some code in a python notebook which is using Numpy library, then @ operator means Matrix Multiplication. For example: import numpy as np def forward (xi, W1, b1, W2, b2): z1 = W1 @ xi + b1 a1 = sigma (z1) z2 = W2 @ a1 + b2 return z2, a1. answered Nov 7, 2018 at 6:08.
All of the above answers were perfectly clear and complete, but just for the record I'd like to confirm that the meaning of * and ** in python has absolutely no similarity with the meaning of similar-looking operators in C. They are called the argument-unpacking and keyword-argument-unpacking operators.
124. This symbol := is an assignment operator in Python (mostly called as the Walrus Operator). In a nutshell, the walrus operator compresses our code to make it a little shorter. Here's a very simple example: # without walrus. n = 30. if n > 10: print(f"{n} is greater than 10") # with walrus.
(Additionally, Python specifies x % m to have the sign of m.) // is a division operation that returns an integer by discarding the remainder. This is the standard form of division using the / in most programming languages. However, Python 3 changed the behavior of / to perform floating-point division even if the arguments are integers.
It is x that has the value, so we want to know if x is equal to 4; we don't want to tell Python that it is. In that case, you need double =: >>> x = 4 >>> print x == 4 True In any place that you can use =, you can use ==; but it will have a different meaning. For example: >>> x = 4 >>> print x 4 >>> x == 4 True x = 4 tells Python that x is ...