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File verification is the process of using an algorithm for verifying the integrity of a computer file, usually by checksum. This can be done by comparing two files bit-by-bit, but requires two copies of the same file, and may miss systematic corruptions which might occur to both files. A more popular approach is to generate a hash of the copied ...
Length extension attack. In cryptography and computer security, a length extension attack is a type of attack where an attacker can use Hash ( message1) and the length of message1 to calculate Hash ( message1 ‖ message2) for an attacker-controlled message2, without needing to know the content of message1. This is problematic when the hash is ...
A cryptographic hash function ( CHF) is a hash algorithm (a map of an arbitrary binary string to a binary string with a fixed size of bits) that has special properties desirable for a cryptographic application: [ 1] finding an input string that matches a given hash value (a pre-image) is unfeasible, assuming all input strings are equally likely.
md5sum. md5sum is a computer program that calculates and verifies 128-bit MD5 hashes, as described in RFC 1321. The MD5 hash functions as a compact digital fingerprint of a file. As with all such hashing algorithms, there is theoretically an unlimited number of files that will have any given MD5 hash. However, it is very unlikely that any two ...
The MD4 Message-Digest Algorithm is a cryptographic hash function developed by Ronald Rivest in 1990. [ 3] The digest length is 128 bits. The algorithm has influenced later designs, such as the MD5, SHA-1 and RIPEMD algorithms. The initialism "MD" stands for "Message Digest".
This is a list of file signatures, data used to identify or verify the content of a file.Such signatures are also known as magic numbers or Magic Bytes.; Many file formats are not intended to be read as text.
Extendible hashing. Extendible hashing is a type of hash system which treats a hash as a bit string and uses a trie for bucket lookup. [1] Because of the hierarchical nature of the system, re-hashing is an incremental operation (done one bucket at a time, as needed). This means that time-sensitive applications are less affected by table growth ...
Visual cryptography is a cryptographic technique which allows visual information (pictures, text, etc.) to be encrypted in such a way that the decrypted information appears as a visual image. One of the best-known techniques has been credited to Moni Naor and Adi Shamir, who developed it in 1994. [1] They demonstrated a visual secret sharing ...