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  2. Heliospheric current sheet - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heliospheric_current_sheet

    The heliospheric current sheet, or interplanetary current sheet, is a surface separating regions of the heliosphere where the interplanetary magnetic field points toward and away from the Sun. [1] A small electrical current with a current density of about 10 −10 A /m 2 flows within this surface, forming a current sheet confined to this surface.

  3. Golden ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golden_ratio

    The golden spiral (red) and its approximation by quarter-circles (green), with overlaps shown in yellow A logarithmic spiral whose radius grows by the golden ratio per 108° of turn, surrounding nested golden isosceles triangles. This is a different spiral from the golden spiral, which grows by the golden ratio per 90° of turn. [58]

  4. Euler spiral - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euler_spiral

    An Euler spiral is a curve whose curvature changes linearly with its curve length (the curvature of a circular curve is equal to the reciprocal of the radius). This curve is also referred to as a clothoid or Cornu spiral. [1] [2] The behavior of Fresnel integrals can be illustrated by an Euler spiral, a connection first made by Alfred Marie ...

  5. Fibonacci sequence - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibonacci_sequence

    In mathematics, the Fibonacci sequence is a sequence in which each number is the sum of the two preceding ones. Numbers that are part of the Fibonacci sequence are known as Fibonacci numbers, commonly denoted Fn . The sequence commonly starts from 0 and 1, although some authors start the sequence from 1 and 1 or sometimes (as did Fibonacci ...

  6. Track transition curve - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Track_transition_curve

    A parabolic curve ( POB) is used. A transition curve (also, spiral easement or, simply, spiral) is a spiral-shaped length of highway or railroad track that is used between sections having different profiles and radii, such as between straightaways ( tangents) and curves, or between two different curves. [1] Comparison of a poorly designed road ...

  7. Bethungra Spiral - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bethungra_Spiral

    The Bethungra Spiral is a heritage-listed rail spiral on the Main Southern line near Bethungra, between Junee and Cootamundra. The spiral carries the northbound track, forming a part of the Sydney–Melbourne rail corridor. It is a listed heritage item, having been added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

  8. Logistic map - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logistic_map

    The reason that the dyadic transformation is also called the bit-shift map is that when y is written in binary notation, the map moves the binary point one place to the right (and if the bit to the left of the binary point has become a "1", this "1" is changed to a "0"). A cycle of length 3, for example, occurs if an iterate has a 3-bit ...

  9. Spiral bridge - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spiral_bridge

    A spiral bridge, loop bridge, helix bridge, or pigtail bridge is a road bridge which loops over its own road, allowing the road to climb rapidly. This is useful in steep terrain, or where the approach road to a bridge would terminate too far from the bridge's end. Despite its name, the typical shape of a spiral bridge forms a helix, not a spiral .