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In the 1980s, the terms global warming and climate change became more common, often being used interchangeably. [35] [36] [37] Scientifically, global warming refers only to increased surface warming, while climate change describes both global warming and its effects on Earth's climate system, such as precipitation changes. [34]
Effects of climate change are well documented and growing for Earth's natural environment and human societies. Changes to the climate system include an overall warming trend, changes to precipitation patterns, and more extreme weather. As the climate changes it impacts the natural environment with effects such as more intense forest fires ...
Climate change has led to the United States warming by 2.6 °F (1.4 °C) since 1970. [ 3] The climate of the United States is shifting in ways that are widespread and varied between regions. [ 4][ 5] From 2010 to 2019, the United States experienced its hottest decade on record. [ 6]
This has led to increases in mean global temperature, or global warming. The likely range of human-induced surface-level air warming by 2010–2019 compared to levels in 1850–1900 is 0.8 °C to 1.3 °C, with a best estimate of 1.07 °C. This is close to the observed overall warming during that time of 0.9 °C to 1.2 °C.
The history of the scientific discovery of climate change began in the early 19th century when ice ages and other natural changes in paleoclimate were first suspected and the natural greenhouse effect was first identified. In the late 19th century, scientists first argued that human emissions of greenhouse gases could change Earth's energy ...
Global warming is an aspect of modern climate change, a term that also includes the observed changes in precipitation, storm tracks and cloudiness. As a consequence, glaciers worldwide have been found to be shrinking significantly .
Definition. The greenhouse effect on Earth is defined as: "The infrared radiative effect of all infrared absorbing constituents in the atmosphere. Greenhouse gases (GHGs), clouds, and some aerosols absorb terrestrial radiation emitted by the Earth’s surface and elsewhere in the atmosphere." [ 15]: 2232.
A 2019 review of scientific papers found the consensus on the cause of climate change to be at 100%, [ 6] and a 2021 study concluded that over 99% of scientific papers agree on the human cause of climate change. [ 7] The small percentage of papers that disagreed with the consensus often contained errors or could not be replicated.