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  2. Discounts and allowances - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discounts_and_allowances

    Discounts and allowances are reductions to a basic price of goods or services. They can occur anywhere in the distribution channel, modifying either the manufacturer's list price (determined by the manufacturer and often printed on the package), the retail price (set by the retailer and often attached to the product with a sticker), or the list ...

  3. Cost-plus pricing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cost-plus_pricing

    Cost-plus pricing is a pricing strategy by which the selling price of a product is determined by adding a specific fixed percentage (a "markup") to the product's unit cost. Essentially, the markup percentage is a method of generating a particular desired rate of return. [1] [2] An alternative pricing method is value-based pricing.

  4. Bulk purchasing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulk_purchasing

    Bulk purchasing or mass buying is the purchase of much larger quantities than the usual, for a unit price that is lower than the usual. Wholesaling is selling goods in large quantities at a low unit price to retail merchants. The wholesaler will accept a slightly lower sales price for each unit, if the retailer will agree to purchase a much ...

  5. Economic order quantity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_order_quantity

    Economic order quantity. Economic order quantity ( EOQ ), also known as financial purchase quantity or economic buying quantity, [citation needed] is the order quantity that minimizes the total holding costs and ordering costs in inventory management. It is one of the oldest classical production scheduling models.

  6. Economies of scale - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economies_of_scale

    Article indices. v. t. e. In microeconomics, economies of scale are the cost advantages that enterprises obtain due to their scale of operation, and are typically measured by the amount of output produced per unit of time. A decrease in cost per unit of output enables an increase in scale that is, increased production with lowered cost. [1]

  7. Price discrimination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Price_discrimination

    Price discrimination. Price discrimination is a microeconomic pricing strategy where identical or largely similar goods or services are sold at different prices by the same provider in different market segments. [1] [2] [3] Price discrimination is distinguished from product differentiation by the more substantial difference in production cost ...

  8. Cost of goods sold - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cost_of_goods_sold

    t. e. Cost of goods sold ( COGS) is the carrying value of goods sold during a particular period. Costs are associated with particular goods using one of the several formulas, including specific identification, first-in first-out (FIFO), or average cost. Costs include all costs of purchase, costs of conversion and other costs that are incurred ...

  9. Unit price - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_price

    In retail, unit price is the price for a single unit of measure of a product sold in more or less than the single unit. [2] The "unit price" tells you the cost per pound, quart, or other unit of weight or volume of a food package. It is usually posted on the shelf below the food. The shelf tag shows the total price (item price) and price per ...