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Real number. In mathematics, a real number is a number that can be used to measure a continuous one- dimensional quantity such as a distance, duration or temperature. Here, continuous means that pairs of values can have arbitrarily small differences.
Mathematical constant. The circumference of a circle with diameter 1 is π. A mathematical constant is a number whose value is fixed by an unambiguous definition, often referred to by a special symbol (e.g., an alphabet letter ), or by mathematicians' names to facilitate using it across multiple mathematical problems. [1]
Computable analysis. In mathematics and computer science, computable analysis is the study of mathematical analysis from the perspective of computability theory. It is concerned with the parts of real analysis and functional analysis that can be carried out in a computable manner. The field is closely related to constructive analysis and ...
In calculus, the power rule is used to differentiate functions of the form , whenever is a real number. Since differentiation is a linear operation on the space of differentiable functions, polynomials can also be differentiated using this rule. The power rule underlies the Taylor series as it relates a power series with a function's derivatives .
Arbitrarily large. In mathematics, the phrases arbitrarily large, arbitrarily small and arbitrarily long are used in statements to make clear the fact that an object is large, small, or long with little limitation or restraint, respectively. The use of "arbitrarily" often occurs in the context of real numbers (and its subsets thereof), though ...
The field of complex numbers gives complex coordinate space C n. The a + bi form of a complex number shows that C itself is a two-dimensional real vector space with coordinates (a,b). Similarly, the quaternions and the octonions are respectively four- and eight-dimensional real vector spaces, and C n is a 2n-dimensional real vector space.
Arbitrary precision. v. t. e. In computer science, arbitrary-precision arithmetic, also called bignum arithmetic, multiple-precision arithmetic, or sometimes infinite-precision arithmetic, indicates that calculations are performed on numbers whose digits of precision are potentially limited only by the available memory of the host system.
Interval (mathematics) The addition x + a on the number line. All numbers greater than x and less than x + a fall within that open interval. In mathematics, a ( real) interval is the set of all real numbers lying between two fixed endpoints with no "gaps". Each endpoint is either a real number or positive or negative infinity, indicating the ...