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  2. Intransitive dice - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intransitive_dice

    The probability that A rolls a higher number than B, the probability that B rolls higher than C, and the probability that C rolls higher than A are all ⁠ 5 / 9 ⁠, so this set of dice is intransitive. In fact, it has the even stronger property that, for each die in the set, there is another die that rolls a higher number than it more than ...

  3. Probability - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probability

    t. e. The probabilities of rolling several numbers using two dice. Probability is the branch of mathematics concerning events and numerical descriptions of how likely they are to occur. The probability of an event is a number between 0 and 1; the larger the probability, the more likely an event is to occur. [note 1] [1] [2] A simple example is ...

  4. Probability distribution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probability_distribution

    A probability distribution is a mathematical description of the probabilities of events, subsets of the sample space. The sample space, often represented in notation by is the set of all possible outcomes of a random phenomenon being observed. The sample space may be any set: a set of real numbers, a set of descriptive labels, a set of vectors ...

  5. Conditional probability - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conditional_probability

    v. t. e. In probability theory, conditional probability is a measure of the probability of an event occurring, given that another event (by assumption, presumption, assertion or evidence) is already known to have occurred. [1] This particular method relies on event A occurring with some sort of relationship with another event B.

  6. Dice notation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dice_notation

    Probability mass function of a roll of 3d6 and probability density function of the normal distribution with the same mean and standard deviation. In most tabletop role-playing games, die rolls required by the system are given in the form AdX. A and X are variables, separated by the letter d, which stands for die or dice.

  7. Dice - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dice

    Dice ( sg.: die or dice) [ 1] are small, throwable objects with marked sides that can rest in multiple positions. They are used for generating random values, commonly as part of tabletop games, including dice games, board games, role-playing games, and games of chance . A traditional die is a cube with each of its six faces marked with a ...

  8. Sicherman dice - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sicherman_dice

    2. 1. Crazy dice is a mathematical exercise in elementary combinatorics, involving a re-labeling of the faces of a pair of six-sided dice to reproduce the same frequency of sums as the standard labeling. The Sicherman dice are crazy dice that are re-labeled with only positive integers. (If the integers need not be positive, to get the same ...

  9. Statistical model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_model

    The alternative statistical assumption is this: for each of the dice, the probability of the face 5 coming up is ⁠ 1 / 8 ⁠ (because the dice are weighted). From that assumption, we can calculate the probability of both dice coming up 5: ⁠ 1 / 8 ⁠ × ⁠ 1 / 8 ⁠ = ⁠ 1 / 64 ⁠.