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Citation Hunt: A tool for browsing snippets of Wikipedia articles that lack citations. Citer: Converts a URL, DOI, ISBN, PMID, PMCID, OCLC, or Google Books URL into a citation and shortened footnote. It also can generate citations for certain major news websites (e.g., The New York Times) and the Wayback Machine.
The main academic full-text databases are open archives or link-resolution services, although others operate under different models such as mirroring or hybrid publishers. Such services typically provide access to full text and full-text search, but also metadata about items for which no full text is available.
Google Scholar is a freely accessible web search engine that indexes the full text or metadata of scholarly literature across an array of publishing formats and disciplines. . Released in beta in November 2004, the Google Scholar index includes peer-reviewed online academic journals and books, conference papers, theses and dissertations, preprints, abstracts, technical reports, and other ...
Author-level metrics are citation metrics that measure the bibliometric impact of individual authors, researchers, academics, and scholars. Many metrics have been developed that take into account varying numbers of factors (from only considering the total number of citations, to looking at their distribution across papers or journals using statistical or graph-theoretic principles).
On October 25, 2019, Google announced that they had started applying BERT models for English language search queries within the US. [23] On December 9, 2019, it was reported that BERT had been adopted by Google Search for over 70 languages. [24] [25] In October 2020, almost every single English-based query was processed by a BERT model. [26]
The proper citation of Wikipedia, the site, as referenced in APA 5th Edition Style is: Wikipedia: The free encyclopedia. (2004, July 22). FL: Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. Retrieved August 10, 2004, from https://www.wikipedia.org. The in-text citation formation would be (Wikipedia, 2004).
Authors Guild, Inc. v. Google, Inc. Authors Guild v. Google 804 F.3d 202 ( 2nd Cir. 2015) was a copyright case heard in federal court for the Southern District of New York, and then the Second Circuit Court of Appeals between 2005 and 2015. It concerned fair use in copyright law and the transformation of printed copyrighted books into an online ...
For book citations: volume, edition, and page number are never generated, even if the url processed by the citation generator links directly to a single page in a book. If a citation is generated to a book chapter that has been digitised or transcribed into html anywhere other than Google books or Internet Archive, the citation will be created ...