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Niacin deficiency is a consequence of a diet low in both niacin and the amino acid tryptophan, a precursor for the vitamin. Low plasma tryptophan is a non-specific indicator, meaning it can have other causes. The signs and symptoms of niacin deficiency start to revert within days of oral supplementation with large amounts of the vitamin. [23] [24]
IgG deficiency is a form of dysgammaglobulinemia where the proportional levels of the IgG isotype are reduced relative to other immunoglobulin isotypes. IgG deficiency is often found in children as transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy, which may occur with or without additional decreases in IgA or IgM. IgG subclass deficiencies are also ...
Vitamin A deficiency ( VAD) or hypovitaminosis A is a lack of vitamin A in blood and tissues. [ 1] It is common in poorer countries, especially among children and women of reproductive age, but is rarely seen in more developed countries. [ 1] Nyctalopia (night blindness) is one of the first signs of VAD, as the vitamin has a major role in ...
Vitamin D deficiency is typically diagnosed by measuring the concentration of the 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the blood, which is the most accurate measure of stores of vitamin D in the body. [ 1][ 7][ 2] One nanogram per millilitre ( 1 ng/mL) is equivalent to 2.5 nanomoles per litre ( 2.5 nmol/L ). Severe deficiency: < 12 ng/mL = < 30 nmol/L[ 2 ...
Micronutrient deficiency is defined as the sustained insufficient supply of vitamins and minerals needed for growth and development, as well as to maintain optimal health. Since some of these compounds are considered essentials (we need to obtain them from the diet), micronutrient deficiencies are often the result of an inadequate intake.
Complement deficiency. Complement deficiency is an immunodeficiency of absent or suboptimal functioning of one of the complement system proteins. [4] Because of redundancies in the immune system, many complement disorders are never diagnosed. Some studies estimate that less than 10% are identified. [5]
Micronutrient. Micronutrients are essential dietary elements required by organisms in varying quantities to regulate physiological functions of cells and organs. [ 1][ 2] Micronutrients support the health of organisms throughout life. [ 3][ 4][ 5] In varying amounts supplied through the diet, micronutrients include such compounds as vitamins ...
Iron-deficiency anemia is anemia caused by a lack of iron. [ 3] Anemia is defined as a decrease in the number of red blood cells or the amount of hemoglobin in the blood. [ 3] When onset is slow, symptoms are often vague such as feeling tired, weak, short of breath, or having decreased ability to exercise. [ 1]