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A tractor unit pulling a semi-trailer. A truck pulling a semitrailer using a trailer dolly. A semi-trailer is a trailer without a front axle. The combination of a semi-trailer and a tractor truck is called a semi-trailer truck (also known simply as a "semi-trailer", "tractor trailer", or "semi" in the United States). [1]
A semi-trailer truck[1] (also known by a wide variety of other terms - see below) is the combination of a tractor unit and one or more semi-trailers to carry freight. A semi-trailer attaches to the tractor with a type of hitch called a fifth wheel.
A tractor is an engineering vehicle specifically designed to deliver a high tractive effort (or torque) at slow speeds, for the purposes of hauling a trailer or machinery such as that used in agriculture, mining or construction. Most commonly, the term is used to describe a farm vehicle that provides the power and traction to mechanize agricultural tasks, especially (and originally) tillage ...
The fifth wheel on a tractor unit, rear view Fifth wheel on the bottom of the trailer A fifth wheel, already coupled, side view The fifth-wheel coupling provides the link between a semi-trailer and the towing truck, tractor unit, leading trailer or dolly. The coupling consists of a kingpin, a 2-or- -inch-diameter (50.8 or 88.9 mm) vertical steel pin protruding from the bottom of the front of ...
The Autocar Model U8144T, officially "5- to 6-Ton, 4×4, Ponton Tractor Truck", (supply catalog number G511) was the largest, and most heavy-duty, of a family of heavy four-wheel drive trucks developed for, and deployed primarily with, the United States Army in World War II. They were of a "cab over engine" design, and produced by the Autocar Company from 1941 to 1945 with 2,711 being built ...
A "Victory Oil" semi-trailer truck from 1943. The trucking industry in the United States has affected the political and economic history of the United States in the 20th century. Before the invention of automobiles, most freight was moved by train or horse-drawn vehicle. During World War I, the military was the first to use trucks extensively.
1. tractor; tractor unit 2. semi-trailer (detachable) 3. engine compartment 4. cabin 5. sleeper (not present in all trucks) 6. air dam 7. fuel tanks 8. fifth wheel coupling 9. enclosed cargo space 10. landing gear – legs for when semi-trailer is detached Tractor units typically have large-displacement diesel engines for power, durability, and economy; several axles; and a multi-ratio ...
In a broader sense, any vehicle towing a trailer (including a semi-trailer) could be described as articulated (which comes from the Latin word articulus, "small joint"). In the UK, an articulated lorry is the combination of a tractor and a trailer, abbreviated to "artic".