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In chemistry and fluid mechanics, the volume fraction is defined as the volume of a constituent Vi divided by the volume of all constituents of the mixture V prior to mixing: [1] Being dimensionless, its unit is 1; it is expressed as a number, e.g., 0.18. It is the same concept as volume percent (vol%) except that the latter is expressed with a ...
Mass fraction (chemistry) In chemistry, the mass fraction of a substance within a mixture is the ratio (alternatively denoted ) of the mass of that substance to the total mass of the mixture. [1] Expressed as a formula, the mass fraction is: Because the individual masses of the ingredients of a mixture sum to , their mass fractions sum to unity:
Mole fraction is numerically identical to the number fraction, which is defined as the number of particles ( molecules) of a constituent Ni divided by the total number of all molecules Ntot. Whereas mole fraction is a ratio of amounts to amounts (in units of moles per moles), molar concentration is a quotient of amount to volume (in units of ...
A simple fraction (also known as a common fraction or vulgar fraction, where vulgar is Latin for "common") is a rational number written as a / b or , where a and b are both integers. [9] As with other fractions, the denominator ( b) cannot be zero. Examples include 1 2 , − 8 5 , −8 5 , and 8 −5 .
Mole ratio. In atmospheric chemistry, mixing ratio usually refers to the mole ratio ri, which is defined as the amount of a constituent ni divided by the total amount of all other constituents in a mixture: The mole ratio is also called amount ratio. [ 2] If ni is much smaller than ntot (which is the case for atmospheric trace constituents ...
Concentration. In chemistry, concentration is the abundance of a constituent divided by the total volume of a mixture. Several types of mathematical description can be distinguished: mass concentration, molar concentration, number concentration, and volume concentration. [ 1] The concentration can refer to any kind of chemical mixture, but most ...
In physical chemistry and chemical engineering, extent of reaction is a quantity that measures the extent to which the reaction has proceeded. Often, it refers specifically to the value of the extent of reaction when equilibrium has been reached. It is usually denoted by the Greek letter ξ. The extent of reaction is usually defined so that it ...
The degree of polymerization, or DP, is the number of monomeric units in a macromolecule or polymer or oligomer molecule. [1] [2] [3] For a homopolymer, there is only one type of monomeric unit and the number-average degree of polymerization is given by , where is the number-average molecular weight and is the molecular weight of the monomer unit.